Chemical properties: Potassium iodide is commonly known as gray iodine. Chemical formula KI. Molecular weight 166.00. Colorless or white cubic crystals. Tastes salty and bitter. It is slightly deliquescent in moist air. It is easily oxidized when exposed to air, precipitates iodine and gradually turns yellow. Light and moisture can accelerate its decomposition. Specific gravity 3.13. Melting point 681℃. Boiling point 1,330℃. It is easily soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, methanol, acetone, glycerol and liquid ammonia, and slightly soluble in ether. Its aqueous solution is neutral or slightly alkaline, and the aqueous solution can dissolve iodine to generate triiodide ions (I3-). Its aqueous solution is also easy to oxidize and turn yellow, which is easier when it is acidic, and adding alkali can prevent it. It is obtained by the reaction of hydroiodic acid and potassium bicarbonate. It is used as an analytical reagent and a raw material for making iodides and dyes. It is also used as a photographic emulsifier, food additive, etc. It is used in medicine to prevent and treat goiter (big neck disease), and is also used for preoperative preparation for hyperthyroidism. In addition, it can be used as an expectorant and diuretic.
Uses:
1. Used as analytical reagent, chromatographic analysis and spot analysis. It is also used in the preparation of photographic emulsifiers, pharmaceutical industry, soap, lithography, organic synthesis, medicine, food additives, etc.
2. Potassium iodide is a food iodine fortifier allowed for use. my country stipulates that it can be used in infant food at a dosage of 0.3-0.6 mg/kg. It can also be used in table salt at a dosage of 30-70 mL/kg. As a component of thyroid hormone, iodine participates in the metabolism of all substances in livestock and poultry and maintains thermal balance in the body. It is an essential hormone for the growth and reproduction of livestock and poultry. It can improve the growth performance of livestock and poultry and promote the health of the body. If the livestock and poultry body is iodine deficient, it will lead to metabolic disorders, body disorders, thyroid enlargement, affect nerve function and fur color and feed digestion and absorption, and ultimately lead to slow growth and development.
3. Potassium iodide is the raw material for making iodide and dye. It is used as a photographic emulsifier. In medicine, it is used as an expectorant, diuretic, goiter prevention and treatment agent, and preoperative medicine for hyperthyroidism. It is also used to make rheumatism analgesic ointment with analgesic and blood-activating effects. It is a solubilizing agent for iodine and some insoluble metal iodides. It is used as a livestock feed additive. It is used as a nutritional supplement (iodine enhancer) in the food industry.